Kowa ya san abubuwan gurɓacewar iska kamar su smog da PM2.5.Bayan haka, mun sha wahala daga gare su shekaru da yawa.Duk da haka, barbashi irin su smog da PM2.5 an yi la'akari da su a matsayin tushen gurbataccen iska a waje kawai.Kowane mutum yana da rashin fahimta na dabi'a game da su, yana tunanin cewa muddin ka koma gida ka rufe tagogi, za ka iya ware gurbatar yanayi.Kamar yadda kowa ya sani, gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida shine ainihin kisa marar ganuwa.
Gurbacewar iska ta cikin gida ita ce wacce muke yawan saduwa da ita kuma tana da mafi tsayin lokacin fallasa.Bayan kai wani matsayi a cikin iska, zai yi mummunan tasiri a jiki har ma ya haifar da cututtuka.Mafi mahimmanci, gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida yana samuwa ne ta hanyar gurɓatar da ake samu a cikin gida da kuma ƙazantar da ke shiga ɗakin daga waje.
Lokacin da iskar AQI ta waje ta yi ƙasa, waje yana da ɗan tasiri a kan gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida, kuma buɗe tagogi don samun iska yana taimakawa wajen lalata gurɓataccen gida.Duk da haka, lokacin da ma'aunin AQI na iska na waje ya yi girma kuma gurɓataccen yanayi ya yi tsanani, kamar yanayin hayaki, gurɓataccen cikin gida zai ninka sau biyu.
Tushen gurɓacewar gida na gama gari galibi ana fitar da su tare da halayen konewa kamar shan taba da dafa abinci.Hankali yana da yawa kuma adadin lokutan sakin yana da yawa, kuma ƙananan barbashi kuma suna daɗaɗɗen labule na cikin gida da sofas, wanda ke haifar da gurɓataccen lokaci mai tsawo da tsarin sakin jinkirin.Kamar hannu na ukuhayaki.
Na biyu, ƙananan kayan daki, sabbin kayan daki ko marasa inganci, da abubuwa marasa ƙarfi kamar kumfa na cikin gida da robobi za su canza gurɓata masu cutarwa, kamar formaldehyde!Irin wannan kamshin mai kamshi kuma yana iya sa mutane su yi hattara, amma gurbacewar iska mara launi da wari irin su toluene suna da sauƙin ɗauka.
A cikin Yuli 2022, Hukumar Lafiya ta Kasa a hukumance ta fitar da ma'aunin shawarar "Indoor Air Quality Standard" (GB/T 18883-2022) (wanda ake kira "Standard") na farko da aka sabunta shawarar da aka ba da shawarar a cikin ƙasata a cikin 20 da suka gabata. shekaru.
The "Standard" ya kara da alamomi uku na cikin gida lafiya particulate kwayoyin halitta (PM2.5), trichlorethylene da tetrachlorethylene, da kuma daidaita iyakoki na biyar Manuniya (nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, benzene, jimlar kwayoyin cuta, radon).Don sabon PM2.5 da aka ƙara, madaidaicin ƙimar matsakaicin sa'o'i 24 ba zai wuce 50µg/m³ ba, kuma ga abubuwan da ke cikin inhalable (PM10), daidaitaccen ƙimar matsakaicin awa 24 bai wuce 100µg/m³ ba. .
A halin yanzu, haɓaka ingancin iska na cikin gida ya fi mayar da hankali kan ragewa ko kawar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu.Maƙasudin kawar da mafi yawan masu tsabtace iska na farko suna nuna ƙazanta.Kamar yadda iyalai da kamfanoni da yawa suka san aikin tsabtace iska, mutane da yawa suna son siyan injin tsabtace iska don kare lafiyar danginsu da ma'aikatansu.
A lokaci guda kuma, wasu muryoyin da ba su yarda ba sun biyo baya.Wasu mutane suna tunanin cewa masu tsabtace iska sabon “haraji IQ” ne kawai, ra'ayi da aka yi ta yayatawa, kuma ba zai iya ingantawa da kare lafiyarmu da gaske ba.
Don haka shin masu tsabtace iska da gaske “haraji IQ”?
Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Jami'ar Fudan da Kungiyar Masana'antu ta Kare Muhalli ta Shanghai sun yi nazari kan illolin da masu tsabtace iska ke yi kan lafiya daga sakamakon wani bincike da aka buga kan masu tsabtace iska da lafiyar jama'a.
A halin yanzu, bincike kan illolin kiwon lafiya na masu tsabtace iska na cikin gida ko haɗin tsarin iska mai kyau akan lafiyar jama'a galibi yana ɗaukar tsarin ƙira na "binciken shiga tsakani", wato, kwatanta yawan jama'a kafin da bayan amfani da na'urorin tsabtace iska, ko kwatanta amfani da Masu tsabtace iska na "ainihin" (tare da tacewa Canje-canje na daidaitawa a cikin ingancin iska da alamun tasirin lafiyar jama'a tsakanin ma'aunin tsabtace iska "karya" (tare da cire samfurin tacewa). Matsakaicin yawan jama'a ya canza ta hanyar shiga tsakani da kuma tsawon lokacin sa baki, yawancin binciken da ake yi na gajeren lokaci ne, kuma illolin kiwon lafiya da ke tattare da su sun fi mayar da hankali ne a cikin tsarin numfashi da kuma cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, wadanda kuma sune matsalolin lafiya guda biyu. waxanda gurbacewar iska ta fi shafa kai tsaye kuma mafi nauyin cututtuka, bari mu bincika waɗannan abubuwa guda biyu tare.
Matsalolin ingancin iska na cikin gida da lafiyar numfashi
Fitar da gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida yana ƙara haɗarin cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da numfashi.Akasin haka, yin amfani da kayan aikin tsaftace iska don rage gurɓataccen gida ana iya lura da shi don haɓaka alamun kumburin iska da wasu alamun aikin huhu.FeNO (nitric oxide da aka fitar) yana ɗaya daga cikin alamomin da ke nuna matakin kumburi a cikin ƙananan hanyoyin numfashi.
Sakamakon gwaji ya nuna cewa lokacin da ake mai da hankali kan marasa lafiya da ke da cututtukan numfashi, shigar da ingancin iska na cikin gida yana da tasirin kariya ga lafiyar tsarin numfashi.Ga marasa lafiya da rashin lafiyar rhinitis, binciken ya nuna cewa saboda tsoma baki na masu tsabtace iska, alamun cututtuka na rhinitis a cikin marasa lafiya da rashin lafiyar pollen sun inganta sosai.
Sakamakon bincike mai alaka a Koriya ta Kudu kuma ya nuna cewa yin amfani da HEPA (High Efficiency Air Filtration Module) masu tsabtace iska yana rage buƙatar magani ga marasa lafiya da rashin lafiyar rhinitis.
Ga marasa lafiya na asthmatic, abubuwan da suka faru na farkon halayen asthmatic sun ragu sosai a cikin marasa lafiya ta amfani da masu tsabtace iska;a lokaci guda, masu tsabtace iska kuma suna hana halayen asthmatic marigayi.
An kuma lura cewa a lokacin da ake amfani da injin tsabtace iska, yawan amfani da magunguna ga yara masu fama da cutar asma ya ragu sosai, kuma adadin kwanakin da masu ciwon asma ba su da alamun cutar ya karu sosai.
Hanyoyin ingancin iska na cikin gida da lafiyar zuciya
Yawancin karatu sun nuna cewa fallasa zuwa PM2.5 na yanayi na iya ƙara haɓaka cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da mace-mace, ban da haɓaka alamun cututtukan zuciya.Wani lokaci kawai bayyanar ɗan gajeren lokaci zai iya haifar da sakamako mai tsanani, kamar bugun zuciya mai mutuwa.Rashin daidaituwa, ciwon zuciya na zuciya, gazawar zuciya, kamawar zuciya kwatsam, da dai sauransu.
Ta hanyar shiga tsakani na ingancin iska na cikin gida, kamar yin amfani da masu tsabtace iska na HEPA, ta hanyar tsari mai yawa, abubuwan gurɓataccen abu suna katsewa ta hanyar Layer, don cimma tasirin tsarkakewar iska.Yin amfani da masu tsabtace iska na HEPA na iya tsarkake 81.7% na abubuwan da ke cikin iska yayin dafa abinci a cikin gida, yana rage yawan abubuwan da ke cikin gida.
Sakamakon shiga tsakani na ɗan gajeren lokaci na masu tsabtace iska na cikin gida ya nuna cewa gajeren lokaci na tsaftar iska na iya zama da amfani ga lafiyar zuciya.Ko da yake gagarumin tasirin rage hawan jini a cikin gajeren lokaci ba a bayyane yake ba, yana da fa'ida a bayyane akan ka'idar aikin motsa jiki na zuciya (sauyin bugun zuciya).Bugu da kari, shi ma yana da bayyananniyar raguwa da tasirin ingantawa akan alamomin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta masu kumburi a cikin jinin ɗan adam, daidaitawar tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, abubuwan lalata oxidative da sauran alamomi, kuma yana da tasirin gaske a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.Abubuwan binciken PM2.5 suna da matakan hawan jini mafi girma da alamomin kumburin jini na gefe, kuma tsangwama mai tsaftar iska ya haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin abubuwan PM2.5 na cikin gida.
A cikin wasu gwaje-gwajen tsoma baki na ingancin iska na cikin gida na dogon lokaci, wasu nazarin sun lura cewa yin amfani da na'urorin tsabtace iska na dogon lokaci don shiga tsakani na iya rage yawan hawan jini na batutuwa da kuma taka rawa wajen rage hawan jini.
Gabaɗaya, bisa ga binciken da aka buga, yawancin binciken shiga tsakani sun yi amfani da ƙirar ƙirar makafi biyu (crossover) bazuwar, matakin shaidar yana da girma, kuma wuraren bincike na gine-ginen jama'a na yau da kullun ciki har da gidaje, makarantu, asibitoci da jama'a. wurare Jira.Yawancin binciken sun yi amfani da masu tsabtace iska na cikin gida azaman hanyoyin shiga tsakani (na gida da na waje), wasu kuma sun yi amfani da matakan shiga tsakani wanda aka kunna tsarin iska na cikin gida da na'urorin tsarkakewa a lokaci guda.Tsaftar iska da aka haɗa shine babban haɓakar cirewa da tsarkakewa (HEPA).A lokaci guda kuma, yana da bincike da aikace-aikacen tsabtace iska mai ion mara kyau, carbon da aka kunna, tarin ƙurar lantarki da sauran fasahohi.Tsawon lokacin bincike kan lafiyar jama'a ya bambanta.Idan kula da ingancin iska na cikin gida yana da sauƙi, lokacin shiga yakan kasance daga mako 1 zuwa shekara 1.Idan ana gudanar da kula da ingancin muhalli da tasirin lafiyar jiki a lokaci guda, yawanci nazarin ɗan gajeren lokaci ne tare da babban sikelin.Yawancin suna cikin makonni 4.
Yayin inganta ingancin iska na cikin gida, tsarkakewar iska na cikin gida kuma na iya inganta natsuwa, ingancin makaranta, da ingancin bacci na ɗalibai ko mutane.
Ingantaccen ingancin iska na cikin gida zai iya rage gurɓacewar iskar gas ta cikin gida yadda ya kamata, ta haka ne ke kare lafiyarmu.Musamman idan lokacin gida ya yi tsayi, masu tsabtace iska na iya yin rakiya don rage gurɓataccen iska a cikin gida, tsaftace iska a cikin gida, da kare lafiyar jiki.
Yin amfani da abubuwan tsabtace iska zai zama ɗaya daga cikin ingantattun hanyoyinmu don rigakafin cututtuka da inganta aikin zuciya da huhu, maimakon abin da wasu suke kira "pseudoscience" da "haraji IQ".Tabbas, bayan an yi amfani da injin tsabtace iska na wani ɗan lokaci.taceya kamata a canza shi akai-akai, tsaftacewa da kulawa, kuma a kula da hankali don guje wa faruwar abubuwan da ba a so.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-25-2022